Intraspinal tumours In infancy and childhood, tumours within the spinal canal arc rarer than in adult life. Because of the relative rarity of neoplasms primarily involving meninges or nerve roots, pain is less common than in adult cases, and this, combined with the difficulty in examining... 

Brain abscess Brain abscess in children arises in several different ways. Spread of infection from other sites is an important source, either by direct or venous extension from infection in the middle ear, mastoid or sinuses, or by blood-born metastasis from infection in lungs, pleura... 

Benign intracranial hypertension (pseudotumour cerebri) In this syndrome of varied, and often indefinite, aetiology raised intracranial pressure develops in the absence of an intracranial space-occupying lesion, and is usually transient. The symptoms are non-specific with headache,... 

Acute or subacute yellow atrophy This is a rare disease which starts like an attack of ordinary epidemic hepatitis. The symptoms, however, become much more severe, with headache, delirium, vomiting, diarrhoea and high fever. The disease is commoner in older children and young adults.... 

Urticaria Urticaria is a type reaction of the skin, which takes its name from the Latin word for nettle, the sting of which it clearly resembles. The reaction, which is vascular, can easily be reproduced by the injection or iontophoresis of histamine, itself a constituent of the nettle... 

Rheumatic pericarditis It is chiefly in the severe cases of rheumatic carditis that pericarditis occurs and along with it there are always changes in the endocardium and the myocardium (pancarditis). Often there is mediastinitis as well, and there may be pleurisy and pneumonia. The... 

Behaviour disorders There is no clear line between the anxiety states and the behaviour disorders, the distinction being based on the prominence of symptoms. The behaviour disorders are usually taken as those in which normal social patterns are not achieved. Ultimately, the child... 

Psychoses Gross mental disorder in early childhood was formerly regarded as excessively rare. More recently, increasing interest in the problems of the so-called autistic child have tended to focus attention to an extent suggesting that the condition is not uncommon. A recent survey... 

Sleep disorders In general, sleep difficulties recede after infancy, perhaps because the very young child often rests in his nursery school, while the older child goes to bed a good deal later than he did 30 years ago. Evening entertainment such as radio and television play a large... 

Neonatal hypoglycaemia It has been known for many years that newborn infants, particularly those born to diabetic mothers, may have low levels of blood sugar, 30 mg per 100 ml or below without the development of clinical symptoms. In a small proportion of infants hypoglycaemia is...